rm

rm ecluding files:

$rm !(*.foo|*.bar|*.baz)

tar

Copy Files and keep dir structure

Example: Back up all *.pl and *.sh files to a new directory with timestamp and keep the original directory structure.

ArchT60::/tmp
kent$ tree /tmp/test                                                                                                           
/tmp/test
|-- a.txt
|-- b.pl
|-- c.pl
`-- one
    |-- one.pl
    |-- one.txt
    `-- two
        |-- two.pl
        `-- two.sh

ArchT60::/tmp/bak
kent$ tree /tmp/bak                                                                                                            
/tmp/bak
0 directories, 0 files 


ArchT60::/tmp
kent$ mkdir -p /tmp/bak/bak$(date +%Y%m%d) && find /tmp/test -regex ".*.[pl|sh]" -print | xargs tar -cf -  | tar -xf - -C /tmp/bak/bak$(date +%Y%m%d)

ArchT60::/tmp
kent$ tree /tmp/bak                                                                                                            
/tmp/bak
`-- bak20110306
    `-- tmp
        `-- test
            |-- b.pl
            |-- c.pl
            `-- one
                |-- one.pl
                `-- two
                    |-- two.pl
                    `-- two.sh

Transfer files/dirs to remote (ssh)

**-** is the key. (standard input)

tar -cf - /home/kent/Desktop/tmp/myFile |ssh user@host "cd someDir; tar -xf - "

cp & rm

• backup copy

  cp test{,_`date +%F`}.log
  
  test_2011-12-10.log copied.
  
  cp test.log{,.`date +%F`}
  
  test.log.2011-12-12 copied
  

• rm excluding files

#bash:
shopt -s extglob
$ rm !(*.foo|*.bar|*.baz) `

Zsh also has its own extended globs:

setopt extended_glob
rm -rf ^var_(opt|log)

tee

kent$ cat t.txt                                                                 
this is the first line
now comes the 2nd line

kent$ cat t.txt|tee >(sed -n 1p >a.txt) >(sed -n 2p >b.txt)                    
this is the first line
now comes the 2nd line

kent$ cat a.txt                                                               
this is the first line
ArchT60::/tmp
kent$ cat b.txt                                                              
now comes the 2nd line

sort

• -m merge sorted file
  • sort reads a line from each file.
  • It orders these lines and selects the one which should come first. This line gets sent to the output, and a new line is read from the file which contained this line.
  • Repeat step 2 until there are no more lines in any file. -At this point, the output should be a perfectly sorted file.

• -M sort month like JAN, DEC

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